Step-by-Step Surrogacy Timeline (Canada)

AI Summary Box

Surrogacy in Canada typically takes 12–24 months from application to birth. The process includes screening, matching, legal contracts, embryo transfer, pregnancy, and post-birth parentage steps. Canada follows an altruistic surrogacy model, meaning surrogates are reimbursed for expenses but not paid a profit. Working with a trusted egg donor and surrogacy agency ensures a smoother, legally compliant journey.

Why Become a Surrogate in Canada?

Women choose surrogacy in Canada because:

• It is legally regulated and ethically structured
• Surrogates receive medical and psychological support
• Reimbursement for pregnancy-related expenses is allowed
• Intended parents (including international families) are protected under Canadian law
• The process emphasizes consent, transparency, and wellbeing

Canada’s legal framework is governed federally by the Assisted Human Reproduction Act, which ensures ethical standards across provinces.

How Long Does Surrogacy Take in Canada?

On average, the full process takes 12 to 24 months.

Here is a general breakdown:

• Application & Screening: 1–3 months
• Matching with Intended Parents: 1–6 months
• Legal Contracts: 1–2 months
• Medical Preparation & Embryo Transfer: 1–2 months
• Pregnancy: 9 months
• Post-Birth Legal Steps: 1–3 months

Timelines vary depending on health history, clinic availability, matching preferences, and legal processing times.

Step-by-Step Breakdown of the Surrogacy Timeline

Step 1: Initial Application

The journey begins with completing an application through a trusted agency. Basic eligibility includes:

• Age requirements (usually 21–40)
• At least one healthy pregnancy
• Non-smoker, healthy lifestyle
• Canadian citizen or permanent resident

Medical history and lifestyle screening are reviewed before moving forward.

Step 2: Medical & Psychological Screening

Surrogates undergo:

• Blood tests and infectious disease screening
• Uterine evaluation
• Hormone level testing
• Psychological assessment

Screening ensures the surrogate is physically and emotionally prepared for pregnancy.

Step 3: Matching with Intended Parents

Once approved, the surrogate is matched with intended parents based on:

• Shared expectations
• Communication preferences
• Views on pregnancy decisions
• Cultural compatibility (if relevant)

This stage can take weeks to several months depending on preferences and availability.

Step 4: Legal Contracts

Each party hires independent legal counsel. The agreement outlines:

• Reimbursement structure
• Medical decisions
• Communication expectations
• Birth plan details

In provinces like Ontario and British Columbia, parentage laws differ slightly, so local legal expertise is essential.

Contracts must be signed before medical procedures begin.

Step 5: Embryo Transfer Preparation

The fertility clinic prepares the surrogate with hormone medication to synchronize her cycle. The embryo (created via IVF, sometimes using donor eggs) is transferred into the uterus.

Pregnancy confirmation usually happens 10–14 days after transfer.

Step 6: Pregnancy & Ongoing Care

Once pregnant:

• Regular prenatal visits begin
• The agency supports reimbursement documentation
• Intended parents may attend appointments (as agreed)

The pregnancy proceeds like any normal pregnancy, with medical care managed by licensed professionals.

Step 7: Birth & Hospital Plan

Before delivery:

• A hospital plan is finalized
• Legal documentation is prepared
• Intended parents coordinate travel (if international)

After birth, the intended parents are recognized through provincial parentage processes.

Step 8: Post-Birth Legal Process

Depending on the province:

• Parentage declarations may be filed
• Birth certificates are issued
• Legal recognition is finalized

The process typically completes within a few weeks to a few months after birth.

Trusted Egg Donor & Surrogacy Agency Support

Working with a trusted agency ensures:

• Full compliance with Canadian laws
• Careful surrogate screening
• Legal coordination
• Emotional support throughout pregnancy
• Clear reimbursement management

Agencies act as coordinators between clinics, lawyers, surrogates, and intended parents.

Benefits of Surrogacy in Canada

• Ethical, altruistic legal model
• Transparent reimbursement system
• Strong healthcare system
• Legal clarity for intended parents
• Support for LGBTQ+ and international families
• High medical standards

Canada is recognized globally for maintaining ethical safeguards while supporting families.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. Is surrogacy legal in Canada?

Ans. Yes, altruistic surrogacy is legal under federal law.

Q. Can surrogates be paid?

Ans. They cannot be paid profit, but pregnancy-related expenses are reimbursed.

Q. How long does matching take?

Ans. Typically 1–6 months.

Q. Can international parents pursue surrogacy in Canada?

Ans. Yes, many do, but legal coordination is essential.

Q. Who pays medical costs?

Ans. Most medical care is covered by the public healthcare system; additional costs are reimbursed by intended parents.

Q. Do surrogates use their own eggs?

Ans. In gestational surrogacy, no. The embryo is created via IVF.

Q. What if the first embryo transfer fails?

Ans. Additional transfers may be attempted if embryos are available.

Q. Is counseling mandatory?

Ans. Psychological screening is standard practice.

Q. Are single parents allowed?

Ans. Yes, Canadian law supports diverse family structures.

Q. What happens after birth?

Ans. Legal parentage is finalized, and the intended parents assume full responsibility.

Conclusion

The step-by-step surrogacy timeline in Canada is structured, ethical, and carefully regulated. While the process typically takes 12–24 months, each stage is designed to protect both the surrogate and intended parents.

With proper screening, legal guidance, and agency support, surrogacy in Canada offers a safe and transparent path to parenthood. Whether you are considering becoming a surrogate or starting your journey as intended parents, understanding the timeline helps you move forward with confidence and clarity.